Nrog ntau dua 30 xyoo hauv kev lag luam crane, Kuv tau pomTus choj choj CranesEvolve los ntawm cov haujlwm ua haujlwm yooj yim rau cov cuab yeej precision uas ua rau muaj lub Hoobkas, cov tsev ua haujlwm, thiab cob qhia khiav. Cov tshuab no yog tus txha caj qaum ntawm cov khoom tuav hauv cov chaw uas ua ke, txhim khu kev qha, thiab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nqa cov khoom hnyav. Cia peb tawg cia li lawv ua haujlwm, dab tsi muaj, lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb, thiab yuav ua li cas kom lawv nyob rau hauv cov duab sab saum toj.
Yuav ua li cas hluav taws xob choj ua haujlwm: Cov hauv paus
Ntawm lawv cov tub ntxhais, hluav taws xob choj cranes yog tsim losnqa thiab tshem cov khoom hnyav raws qhov ruaj ruaj kev khiav(hu ua kev khiav). Ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim tawg ntawm lawv kev ua haujlwm:
Lub zog: Lawv khiav ntawm hluav taws xob-feem ntau 380V peb-theem zog rau cov qauv lag luam-siv los ntawm cable relet (zoo li "trolley xaim" system) raws txoj kev sau.
Lifting tshuab: Lub tshuab hluav taws xob Hoist (lub "Lifting Tool") siv lub cev muaj zog tsav tsheb los tsav cov hlua lossis cov saw hlau los nce lossis txo qis. Zog rau hauv lub haob daws txo qhov nrawm thaum nce torque, cia nws nqa tons tons ntawm qhov hnyav nrog qhov tseeb.
Kab rov tav kev: Tag nrho cov crane "choj" (ib qho nqaj luv cov chaw ua haujlwm) mus ncig ntawm cov ciav hlau khiav, txav lub nra rov qab thiab hla ntawm thaj chaw. Lub caij no, lub hoist nws tus kheej tuaj yeem txav mus raws Trolley khiav ntawm tus choj, cia lub thauj khoom ua haujlwm raws qhov ntev ntawm tus choj.
Tswjhwm system: Cov neeg ua lag luam siv cov maub los Pendant (tuav tes nrog cov nyees khawm) lossis chaw taws teeb tswj kom tau kev tswj hwm kev nqa, txo qis. Cov qauv niaj hnub no tuaj yeem txawm suav nrog cov kev sib txawv nqus zaus (VFDs) rau cov nrawm dua / deceleration, txo kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv.
Xav txog nws zoo li "flying forklift": tsis txhob txav mus rau hauv av, nws nce hauv av, ua kom lub zog ua haujlwm hauv pem teb uas yuav tsis yooj yim rau kev siv zog ua haujlwm.
Hom Khoom Hluav Taws Xob Cranes
Tsis yog txhua tus choj choj cranes yog tib yam-lawv ua tiav rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Ntawm no yog cov hom tseem ceeb koj yuav ntsib:
1. Ib Leeg Girder Cov Hluav Taws Xob Crane
Lub tsev: Ib qho nqaj tseem ceeb (GIRDER) spans txoj kev khiav, nrog lub trolley thiab hoist khiav raws nws qab flange.
Lub peev xwm: Feem ntau 0.5-20 tons (me me mus rau nruab nrab loads).
Zoo tshaj plaws rau: Lub teeb rau kev nqa mus rau hauv kev tsav tsheb hauv kev cob qhia, cov chaw khaws khoom, lossis cov rooj sib dhos uas muaj qhov chaw tsawg. Lawv tau them tus nqi-ua tau zoo thiab yooj yim rau nruab txij li lawv xav tau kev txhawb nqa tsawg dua.
2. Ob-Girder Cov Hluav Taws Xob Crane
Lub tsev: Ob lub siab sib piv cov girders tsim tus choj, nrog trolley thiab haiv uas khiav rau saum cov dev (lossis nruab nrab ntawm lawv). Cov qauv tsim no yog qhov ruaj khov thiab muaj zog dua li cov qauv girder.
Lub peev xwm: 5-500 tons (hnyav-ua haujlwm nqa).
Zoo tshaj plaws rau: Kev lag luam hnyav zoo li cov hlau mills, cov pob zeb, lossis cov nkoj nkoj. Lawv lis cov nra hnyav thiab tuaj yeem haum kom muaj kev ntev ntev (txog 30+} meters) tsis muaj sagging.
3. Qhov tawg-pov thawj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob crane
Tshwj Xeeb Tshwj Xeeb: Txhua lub Cheebtsam hluav taws xob (cov roj hluav taws xob, cov tshuab hluav taws xob, xaim) yog ntim lossis insulated los tiv thaiv cov txim taws, thiab cov khoom siv tshuab hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog (zoo li tooj daj).
Siv cov ntaub ntawv: Cov nroj tsuag muaj kev phom sij-tshuaj ntsuab, cov roj rov qab, lossis thaj chaw nrog cov pa roj av / hmoov av. Kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm no, yog li lawv tau ntsib nruj atex lossis tus qauv IECEx.
4. Sib Nqus Hluav Taws Xob Choj Crane
Ntxiv: Nruab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsis txhob siv tus nuv. Cov hlau nplaum siv hluav taws xob kom nyiam cov ntaub ntawv ferrous (hlau, hlau) yam tsis muaj kev xav tau zawv lossis hooks.
Zoo tshaj plaws rau: Scrapyards, cov tais tais steel, lossis khw muag khoom hlau. Qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev nqa cov ntaub ntawv xoob zoo li cov phiaj hlau, kav dej, lossis khij hlau nrawm.
Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tseem ceeb
Ib lub choj hluav taws xob crane yog qhov system ntawm cov chaw sib txuam - txhua tus nrog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cia peb taug kev los ntawm lub ntsiab Cheebtsam:
1. Tus choj (Mirder loj)
Tus "caj qaum" ntawm lub crane, ncua qhov dav ntawm chaw ua haujlwm (los ntawm ib txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ib qho).
Ib Leeg-Girder Bridges feem ntau yog ua los ntawm dov steel i-nqaj lossis welded lub thawv. Ob-girder choj siv ob lub thawv girders kom muaj zog ntxiv.
Txhawb cov trolley, hoist, thiab lub nra hnyav, yog li nws yuav tsum ua rau khoov thiab sib ntswg hauv kev ntxhov siab.
2. Cov kev sib tw khiav
Cov kab ciav hlau tsau nruab nrab thiab phab ntsa, tso cai rau tus choj txav mus ntev (rov qab).
Ua los ntawm High-zog hlau (zoo li Q235 lossis Q345) los daws cov Crane lub cev hnyav ntxiv rau lub nra. Lawv yog precision-mus raws li tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los yog hnav tsis ncaj.
3. Trolley
"Lub laub" uas sau raws tus choj ntev, nqa lub hoist. Nws muaj log (feem ntau cam khwb cia hlau lossis hlau) uas dov ntawm cov ciav hlau txuas nrog tus choj.
Powered los ntawm lub cev muaj zog me me, nws tsiv lub hoist sab laug lossis sab xis, muab lub nra raws li nws xav tau.
4. Fais Hoist
Lub "tshem lub siab" ntawm lub crane. Muaj:
Hoby LIAB: Drives txoj kev nqa lub tshuab (feem ntau yog ib tug nas ntxhw-tawb induction tsav tsheb rau kev ntev).
Nruas & Ropes / Chains: Lub nruas cua tshuab hlau hlau (rau cov khoom loj) lossis cov saw hlau (rau cov khoom me me) los nqa cov nuv.
Tus thawv: Txo lub cev muaj zog ceev kom nce torque-qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nqa hnyav hnyav.
Cav Nres: Ib qho swb (Electromagnetic lossis cov tshuab) uas kaw lub nruas thaum lub zog txiav, tiv thaiv lub nra, tiv thaiv cov khoom poob.
5. Tswj System
Xws li tus maub los (pendant lossis chaw taws teeb), cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab txwv tsis pub tua neeg (kom tiv thaiv kev nqa khoom lossis trolley / Choj kev txav mus dhau kev txwv kev txwv).
Niaj hnub tshiab cov tshuab niaj hnub yuav ntxiv VFDs rau kev tswj kom ceev lossis PLCS (Programmable Logic Controllers) rau automation (piv txwv li exet Lifting Heights).
Kev Txij Nkawm: Ua kom koj lub crane txhim khu kev qha
Ib qho zoo tswj hluav taws xob choj caum kav 20+ xyoo; Kev tsis saib yuav ua rau tsis txhob ua rau rhuav tshem, raug xwm txheej, lossis siv tus nqi. Ntawm no yog cov ntawv txheeb xyuas tswv yim:
1. Kev soj ntsuam txhua hnub (ua ntej siv)
Pom: Saib rau xoob xoob polts, cov hlua khi / cov saw, lossis cov log puas. Kuaj xyuas tias tus nuv Swivels dawb thiab tsis muaj qhov tawg (xyuam xim rau "caj pas" ntawm tus nuv-qhov no yog qhov kev ntxhov siab kev ntxhov siab).
Kev Kuaj Ua Haujlwm: Ntsuam xyuas cov hoist (nqa lub teeb thauj mus los xyuas kom meej tias kev ua haujlwm du), trolley, thiab Choj mus zog. Txheeb xyuas tias brakes ua haujlwm-qis ib lub nra ob peb nti, nres, thiab xyuas kom nws tsis txav.
Hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb: Khij cov cables rau fraying, thiab xyuas kom meej lub pob thaum muaj xwm ceev tsis ua haujlwm (nias nws kom paub meej tias txhua qhov chaw nres nres tam sim ntawd).
2. Lub limtiam / txhua hli cov haujlwm
Lubrication: Cov roj ntsha roj thiab choj log bearings, ho lub zog, thiab saw cov chaw tsim khoom pom zoo (siv cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam cov khoom lag luam uas tau nyiam, ua rau hnav).
Hlua / saw tshuaj xyuas: Rau hlua khi, saib cov frayed strands, kinks, lossis corrosion. Rau cov saw hlau, kos rau kev ncab txuas lossis cov phaj bent. Hloov yog tias hnav tau ntau dua 10% ntawm cov txheej txheej qub (hlua) lossis txuas tuab (cov saw).
Kev haum tus brake: Brakes hnav thaum xeem kev txav deb. Yog tias lub thauj khoom txav ntau dua 1-2 nti thaum nres, kho lossis hloov cov ntawv nres.
3. Cov kev ua haujlwm txhua xyoo
Thauj Kuaj: Ntiav cov neeg soj ntsuam muaj ntawv pov thawj los sim lub crane ntawm 125% ntawm nws lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm (qhov no ua kom nws tuaj yeem siv cov kev tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb).
Cov Hluav Taws Xob: Soj ntsuam cov xaim, lub tshuab raj, thiab tswj cov vaj huam sib luag rau overheating lossis corrosion. Kev xeem txwv hloov chaw kom ntseeg tau tias lawv txiav lub zog ntawm kev txwv nyab xeeb.
Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas: Khij tus choj thiab cov rollwwing rails rau cov kab nrib pleb, kev ua rog, lossis misalignment. Txawm tias me me khoov hauv tus choj tuaj yeem ua rau tsis sib luag hnav lub log lossis hlua.
4. Cov teeb meem ntau rau saib xyuas
Hlua / saw tsis ua hauj lwm: Tus # 1 ua rau muaj kev sib raug zoo - yeej tsis quav ntsej los yog kev puas tsuaj.
Lub cev muaj zog overheating: Tshwm sim los ntawm overloading, tsis zoo cua, los yog hnav bearings. Yog tias lub cev muaj zog xav tias kub mus kov tom qab siv, kaw nws thiab tshawb xyuas.
Log Misignment: Ua rau lub trolley lossis choj "dhia" thaum lub sijhawm txav, hnav txoj hlua khi thiab cov log. Dlhosts ib xyoos ib zaug.
Kev xav kawg
Fais choj cranes yog unsung heroes ntawm cov khoom siv siv tau-yooj yim hauv cov tswvyim, tab sis engineered rau precision thiab kev nyab xeeb. Txawm hais tias koj siv ib tus qauv girder hauv ib Rhiav lossis ob-girder tsiaj nyaum hauv cov hlau zeb, to taub li cas lawv ua haujlwm thiab kev txhawb nqa koj txoj haujlwm rau xyoo lawm.
Nco ntsoov: ib lub crane tsuas yog ua kom tau kev ntseeg tau. Kho nws zoo, thiab nws yuav kho koj txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm zoo rov qab.
